What is the function of antibodies in the immune system?

Antibodies play a crucial role in the immune system by identifying and neutralizing foreign invaders, such as pathogens (bacteria, viruses, and fungi). They are specialized proteins produced by B cells in response to specific antigens, which are substances that the immune system recognizes as foreign. Once antibodies bind to these antigens, they can tag pathogens for destruction by other immune cells, neutralize toxins, or prevent pathogens from entering or damaging healthy cells.

This function is vital for protecting the body against infections and diseases, enabling the immune system to respond effectively to various threats. The specificity of antibodies also allows for a tailored immune response, tailoring the defense mechanism to the unique structure of each antigen. This process is essential for developing immunity and helps form the basis of vaccinations, where exposure to a harmless part of a pathogen prompts the body to produce antibodies that will protect against future infections.

In contrast, providing energy to cells, transporting oxygen in the blood, and processing nutrients are functions associated with other biological molecules and systems. For instance, glucose and lipids are primary sources of energy, hemoglobin is responsible for oxygen transport, and enzymes and other compounds facilitate nutrient processing. Thus, the role of antibodies distinctly lies in the defense and protection aspect of the