How can the presence of leukocytes in urine serve as an indicator of infection?

The presence of leukocytes in urine signifies that the body is engaged in an immune response, particularly in the urinary tract, indicating an infection. Leukocytes, or white blood cells, are an essential component of the immune system. When an infection occurs, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI), leukocytes are recruited to the site to help combat the invading pathogens. Their presence in the urine can be a direct result of this immune response as they migrate to the area to fight the infection.

The detection of leukocytes, often through a urinalysis, can therefore be a crucial indicator for healthcare professionals to diagnose a urinary tract infection. This finding prompts further investigation and consideration of treatment options, highlighting the importance of leukocyte presence as a marker of infection rather than a sign of hydration status or kidney function.